Relative Intelligence · IPOs

How SPAC and New Issue ETF (SPCK) compares with the whole market and its popular alternatives
Built by QuantCommons' quantitative engine, this page is about relative opportunity, not data on SPCK alone. It places SPCK (SPAC and New Issue ETF) against 6 popular alternatives, its neighboring categories and the entire market of over 10,000 U.S.-listed stocks and ETFs, and surfaces what has done better on consistent outperformance, return for the risk taken, behavior in real market crashes and diversification. The result is a clearer view of where SPCK stands in the market, and of the alternatives worth a closer look.
Period covered: SPCK's full trading record, from December 2020 through September 2026. The crash tests reach back to 2000 using older funds and the S&P 500. All returns include reinvested dividends. Data as of October 22, 2026.
Data as of October 22, 2026. Full tables and charts read best on a larger screen.
This page answers the following questions about SPCK
Key findings
Not AI-generatedThese key findings are generated by our proprietary relative intelligence engine, directly from the data on this page.
- What you're buying97% of SPCK sits in financials, against 12% for the S&P 500. At a glance ↓
- Right nowSPCK has gone against the market, falling 2.0% over the past 6 months while the S&P 500 rose 8.0%. At a glance ↓
- Fund or market?SPCK's 3.0% fall over the past 3 months is part of a broader ipos sell-off: the small-cap stock ETF IWM (iShares Russell 2000 ETF) fell 5.6%, with FPX (First Trust US Equity Opportunities ETF, down 9.1%) and FPXI (First Trust International Equity Opportunities ETF, down 13.5%).
- Long termSPCK turned $10,000 into $9,090 over the past 5 years, against $18,000 in the S&P 500. Over the past 5 years, SPCK lost 9.1%, behind 94% of the ETFs with at least $100 million in assets. The S&P 500 returned 80.3%. Growth of $10,000 ↓
- DiversificationAgainst the S&P 500, SPCK has a correlation of 0.25 over 5 years, less closely than 95% of ETFs with at least $100 million in assets. Next to an index fund it is a real diversifier. Market capture ↓
- Better options
- Popular alternatives
- QQQ (Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1), IWM (iShares Russell 2000 ETF) and XBI (State Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF) were ahead of SPCK in most short and long periods, though with much bigger swings (23.0%, 22.4% and 32.5% volatility against 8.7%).
- Nearby categories and themes
- EJUL (Innovator Emerging Markets Power Buffer ETF, emerging markets equity) earned more for the risk it took than SPCK over the past 5 years, and its worst fall in 10 years was 21.6%, against 28.3% for SPCK.
- Whole market
- 214 of the 3,642 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million earned more than SPCK with less volatility over the past 5 years, among them BND (Vanguard Total Bond Market ETF), AGG (iShares Core U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF) and BNDX (Vanguard Total International Bond ETF).
How much would $10,000 in SPCK have grown?
This chart tracks a hypothetical $10,000 investment in SPCK over the past 5 years, with dividends reinvested, alongside the same amount in the S&P 500, investments that ended ahead of SPCK over the same span and SPCK's popular alternatives, among those that traded for the entire period. It shows not only where each investment ended up but also how smooth or uneven the path was.
Note: SPCK began trading on December 16, 2020, so the chart cannot reach back to the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs. It covers the most recent 5 years of SPCK's record, starting at the end of September 2021.
- $10,000 invested in SPCK at the end of September 2021 would have grown to $9,155 by September 2026, less than the $19,000 it would have become in SPY, an S&P 500 fund.
- Six of the seven other investments on the chart ended ahead of SPCK, and LVHI finished highest, at $21,792.
From the end of September 2021 to the end of September 2026. Hover over a fund in the key to pick out its line. 2,740 of the 3,631 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million that traded the whole period ended ahead of SPCK; the chart shows 5, closest alternatives first. The other 2 lines are popular alternatives, shown for context.
- LVHI$21,792+118% total · +16.9% a year
- QQQ$21,295+113% total · +16.3% a year
- SPY (S&P 500)$19,000+90.0% total · +13.7% a year
- FPX$14,736+47.4% total · +8.1% a year
- IWM$13,514+35.1% total · +6.2% a year
- XBI$12,622+26.2% total · +4.8% a year
- FPXI$11,003+10.0% total · +1.9% a year
- SPCK$9,155−8.5% total · −1.8% a year
- ARKK$8,195−18.1% total · −3.9% a year
SPCK at a glance
This section summarizes the key facts about the fund, its returns over periods from one to ten years and the risk it has carried, with dividends reinvested throughout. These figures serve as the baseline for every comparison that follows.
Note: SPCK began trading on December 16, 2020, so every figure here, including its worst decline, covers only the time since then. None of them reflect the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs.
- SPCK's deepest decline since it began trading in 2020 was 28.3%, from February 2021 to February 2023. It has not yet climbed back to that peak.
- Over five full calendar years, SPCK's best was 2021, when it returned 9.3%, and its worst was 2022, when it lost 12.2%. It lost money in two of those years.
- SPCK is 18.9% below its all-time high.
The fund
- Issuer
- Tuttle Capital
- Began trading
- December 2020
- Expense ratio
- 2.31%per year
- Assets
- $8M
- Category
- Financials
Returns
- Past 1 year
- −2.3%total return
- Past 3 years
- +10.3%+3.3% a year
- Past 5 years
- −9.1%−1.9% a year
- Best calendar year
- +9.3%2021
- Worst calendar year
- −12.2%2022
- Losing years
- 2 of 5full calendar years
Risk
- Volatility
- 8.7%typical yearly swing, 5 years
- Sharpe ratio
- -0.18return per unit of risk, 5 years
- Worst decline ever
- −28.3%Feb 2021 to Feb 2023
- From its all-time high
- −18.9%below the peak
SPCK against the whole market
Where SPCK ranks among every stock and fund, and what across the market has done better.
How does SPCK rank among all ETFs?
This section ranks SPCK on return, volatility, risk-adjusted return and worst decline against every ETF worth at least $100 million with enough history. Where the comparisons with its popular alternatives show how SPCK stacks up against its peers, these rankings show where it stands in the market as a whole.
- On return for the risk taken (the Sharpe ratio), SPCK ranks in the bottom 2% of the 1,563 ETFs with at least $100 million in assets.
- SPCK is among the steadier ETFs: its price swings rank in the top 22% of the 1,563 ETFs with at least $100 million in assets, where the top is the calmest.
Ranked against U.S.-listed ETFs with at least $100M in assets that have enough history for each measure, so the count changes from row to row; smaller ETFs and leveraged funds are left out. Lower volatility and smaller declines rank higher.
| Measure | SPCK | Rank | Standing |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-year return | −2.3% | 2,284 of 2,488 | bottom 9% |
| 3-year return | +10.3% | 1,898 of 1,950 | bottom 4% |
| 5-year return | −9.1% | 1,469 of 1,563 | bottom 7% |
| Volatility, 5 years | 8.7% | 337 of 1,563 | top 22% |
| Sharpe ratio, 5 years | -0.18 | 1,530 of 1,563 | bottom 3% |
What has beaten SPCK on both return and risk?
Each dot is an investment, placed by how much it earned a year over the past 5 years (higher is better) and how much its price swung, its volatility (further left is calmer). SPCK sits where the dashed lines cross. Anything in the green box above and to the left earned more than SPCK with smaller swings, a better trade-off over this period on both counts. Past results are no promise, but a name in the box is worth a closer look.
- 214 ETFs worth at least $500 million sit in the green region: each earned more than SPCK over the past 5 years with smaller price swings. That is 6% of the 3,642 screened.
- Among those with at least half SPCK's swings, POCT has the best return for its risk: 9.9% a year at 8.0% volatility, 8% less than SPCK's 8.7%, and a Sharpe ratio (return above cash per unit of volatility) of 1.22 against -0.18 for SPCK.
Annual return is the annualized total return with dividends reinvested, and volatility the annualized swing in daily prices, both over 5 years. Labeled dots are the strongest picks from the table below and the names called out above, colored by how close they sit to SPCK; faint dots are 57 more of the 214 in the green region (the strongest, one per fund family). 3,642 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million were screened. Hover over a dot for its figures.
- Popular alternatives
- Same and neighboring categories, and shared themes
- The whole market
- Others in the green region
- 4 with more than 1.6× SPCK's volatility are in the table only
Is there a better investment than SPCK?
Investments that beat SPCK over the past 5 years on return, volatility, drawdowns, consistency, crash losses or fees, from its popular alternatives out to the whole market.
- Among SPCK's popular alternatives, QQQ, IWM and XBI were ahead of SPCK in most short and long periods, though with much bigger swings (23.0%, 22.4% and 32.5% volatility against 8.7%).
- Looking beyond its popular alternatives, EJUL (emerging markets equity) earned more for the risk it took than SPCK over the past 5 years, and its worst fall in 10 years was 21.6%, against 28.3% for SPCK.
- Across the whole market, 214 of the 3,642 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million earned more than SPCK with less volatility over the past 5 years, among them BND, AGG and BNDX.
How this works
The table below lists investments that beat SPCK over the past 5 years on at least one of these measures: a higher annual return with lower volatility, a higher annual return at similar volatility, a similar return with lower volatility, a higher Sharpe ratio with a smaller worst decline, a higher total return in most periods from 3 months to 10 years, or smaller losses in recent market crashes, and, for funds, the same exposure at a lower expense ratio. It checks SPCK's popular alternatives first, then the rest of its own and neighboring categories, then every stock and fund worth at least $500 million, and shows the strongest few in each group. The full list of those with a higher return and lower volatility than SPCK follows the table.
Annual return is the annualized total return with dividends reinvested. Annual return, volatility and the Sharpe ratio cover 5 years; the worst decline covers the past 10 years. Green marks a better figure than SPCK's. "On the frontier" means no other option shown or tested earned more with less volatility. Funds that hold the same thing are shown once. Beyond the popular alternatives, nothing with more than 1.5× SPCK's volatility counts as better.
These figures cover the past 5 years. Green marks a better figure than SPCK's.
| Investment | Why it is better | Past 5 years | Downside | Long run | Fit | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annual return?higher is better | Volatility?lower is calmer | Sharpe?return per unit of risk | Worst decline?past 10 years | 5Y returntotal | Corr. with SPCK?lower diversifies more | Expenseper year | |||
| −1.9% | 8.7% | -0.18 | −28.3% | −9.1% | 1.00 | 2.31% | |||
| +12.5% | 17.2% | 0.78 | −33.7% | +80.3% | 0.25 | 0.09% | |||
| Popular alternativesbest 3 shownThe investments people most often weigh against SPCK. 3 of 6 passed at least one test. | |||||||||
| Higher return in most periods | +14.2% | 23.0% | 0.69 | −35.1% | +94.0% | 0.24 | 0.18% | ||
| Higher return in most periods | +5.3% | 22.4% | 0.34 | −41.1% | +29.4% | 0.19 | 0.19% | ||
XBIState Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF · Biotechnology | Higher return in most periods | +4.2% | 32.5% | 0.29 | −63.9% | +22.9% | 0.10 | 0.35% | |
| Same and neighboring categories, and shared themesbest 6 shownEverything else in IPOs and the categories next to it (International Equity, US Large-Cap Growth, US Small-Cap Equity, Disruptive Technology Equity), plus SPCK's specific themes. 7 of 317 passed at least one test. | |||||||||
LVHIFranklin International Low Volatility High Dividend Index ETF · International Dividend Equity | On the frontierHigher return in most periods | +16.9% | 11.1% | 1.48 | −32.4% | +119% | 0.13 | 0.40% | |
EJULInnovator Emerging Markets Power Buffer ETF · Emerging Markets Equity | Higher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods | +2.7% | 11.1% | 0.29 | −21.6% | +14.2% | 0.12 | 0.89% | |
EFAViShares MSCI EAFE Min Vol Factor ETF · International Equity | Higher return in most periods | +7.7% | 11.9% | 0.69 | −27.6% | +45.2% | 0.14 | 0.20% | |
EEMViShares MSCI Emerging Markets Min Vol Factor ETF · Emerging Markets Equity | Higher return in most periods | +5.0% | 12.9% | 0.45 | −31.6% | +27.6% | 0.19 | 0.25% | |
DWXState Street SPDR S&P International Dividend ETF · International Dividend Equity | Higher return in most periods | +8.3% | 12.3% | 0.71 | −36.0% | +48.9% | 0.12 | 0.45% | |
EELVInvesco S&P Emerging Markets Low Volatility ETF · Emerging Markets Equity | Higher return in most periods | +6.7% | 11.4% | 0.63 | −36.4% | +38.2% | 0.11 | 0.29% | |
| The whole marketbest 8 shownEvery other stock and fund worth at least $500 million. 275 of 3,400 passed at least one test. | |||||||||
| On the frontierHigher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods | +3.8% | 0.3% | 13.25 | −0.3% | +20.3% | 0.21 | 0.09% | ||
JAAAJanus Henderson AAA CLO ETF · AAA CLO Debt | On the frontierHigher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods | +5.1% | 1.7% | 2.98 | −2.6% | +28.0% | 0.06 | 0.20% | |
BALTInnovator Defined Wealth Shield ETF · US Equity Buffer | On the frontierHigher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods | +6.2% | 3.3% | 1.84 | −4.9% | +35.3% | 0.15 | 0.69% | |
VRIGInvesco Variable Rate Investment Grade ETF · Investment Grade Bonds | On the frontierHigher return, lower volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods | +4.7% | 1.3% | 3.52 | −13.1% | +25.6% | 0.04 | 0.30% | |
PJANInnovator U.S. Equity Power Buffer ETF · Moderate Buffer | Higher return, similar volatilityHigher Sharpe, smaller worst declineHigher return in most periods | +9.0% | 9.0% | 1.01 | −21.3% | +54.2% | 0.23 | 0.79% | |
| Higher return, similar volatilityHigher return in most periods | +5.2% | 8.9% | 0.62 | −25.4% | +28.7% | 0.02 | — | ||
FISRState Street Fixed Income Sector Rotation ETF · Multisector Bonds | Similar return, lower volatilityHigher return in most periods | −1.1% | 6.6% | -0.13 | −20.3% | −5.3% | 0.08 | 0.50% | |
AQNBAlgonquin Power & Utilities Corp. · Junior Subordinated Debt | Higher return in most periods | +5.6% | 11.6% | 0.53 | −42.7% | +31.2% | 0.04 | — | |
What these numbers mean for SPCK
- Annual return
- SPCK lost 1.9% a year over the past 5 years with dividends reinvested, against 12.5% a year for the S&P 500. At that pace, $10,000 became about $9,090. Annual return is the steady yearly rate that would produce the same total result, so investments held over the same span compare fairly. Guide: What is performance and return? →
- Volatility
- SPCK's volatility over the past 5 years was 8.7%, 51% of the S&P 500's 17.2%. Volatility measures how widely returns swing around their average: in roughly two years out of three, SPCK's return lands within 8.7% of its average, either way. The higher it is, the rougher the ride and the harder it is to hold through a slump. Guide: Understanding and measuring risk (volatility) →
- Sharpe ratio
- SPCK's Sharpe ratio over the past 5 years was -0.18, against 0.78 for the S&P 500, so SPCK earned less for each unit of risk than an index fund did. The Sharpe ratio is the return earned above cash for each unit of volatility: two investments with the same return are not equal if one got there with far bigger swings. Guide: Balancing reward with risk (Sharpe ratio) →
- Worst decline
- SPCK's worst fall from a peak to a low over the past 10 years was 28.3%, against 33.7% for the S&P 500. Losses and gains are not symmetric: climbing back from a 28.3% fall takes a 39.4% gain. Guide: Market crash risk and tail risk →
- Correlation
- Over the past 5 years, SPCK's monthly returns had a correlation of 0.25 with the S&P 500. Correlation runs from 1 (moving in lockstep) through 0 (unrelated) to −1 (moving in opposite directions). They are only loosely linked, which makes it a real diversifier next to an index fund. In the table, the correlation column measures each option against SPCK instead: the lower it is, the more that option would diversify a SPCK holding. Guide: Correlation and diversification →
Show all 214 stocks and funds worth at least $500 million that earned more than SPCK with less volatility
Out of 3,642 tested over 5 years. The strongest 62 are listed, best first, with funds that hold the same thing listed once.
| # | Investment | Found in | Annual return | Volatility | Sharpe | Worst decline | 5Y return | Corr. with SPCK | Expense |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whole market | +3.8% | 0.3% | 13.25 | −0.3% | +20.3% | 0.21 | 0.09% | |
| 2 | JAAAJanus Henderson AAA CLO ETF · AAA CLO Debt | Whole market | +5.1% | 1.7% | 2.98 | −2.6% | +28.0% | 0.06 | 0.20% |
| 3 | BALTInnovator Defined Wealth Shield ETF · US Equity Buffer | Whole market | +6.2% | 3.3% | 1.84 | −4.9% | +35.3% | 0.15 | 0.69% |
| 4 | VRIGInvesco Variable Rate Investment Grade ETF · Investment Grade Bonds | Whole market | +4.7% | 1.3% | 3.52 | −13.1% | +25.6% | 0.04 | 0.30% |
| 5 | FLRTPacer Aristotle Pacific Floating Rate High Income ETF · Bank Loans | Whole market | +6.0% | 2.3% | 2.55 | −20.9% | +33.8% | 0.16 | 0.60% |
| 6 | Whole market | −0.2% | 6.1% | 0.00 | −18.6% | −1.0% | 0.09 | 0.03% | |
| 7 | Whole market | +2.7% | 2.9% | 0.95 | −6.3% | +14.2% | 0.17 | 0.03% | |
| 8 | FLOTiShares Floating Rate Bond ETF · Floating Rate Bonds | Whole market | +4.5% | 1.8% | 2.49 | −13.5% | +24.6% | 0.08 | 0.15% |
| 9 | POCTInnovator U.S. Equity Power Buffer ETF · Moderate Buffer | Whole market | +9.9% | 8.0% | 1.22 | −18.8% | +60.2% | 0.13 | 0.79% |
| 10 | Whole market | +1.8% | 2.8% | 0.67 | −8.5% | +9.4% | 0.05 | 0.03% | |
| 11 | Whole market | +2.4% | 2.9% | 0.84 | −12.9% | +12.8% | 0.10 | 0.03% | |
| 12 | Whole market | +0.2% | 4.9% | 0.06 | −16.2% | +1.0% | 0.17 | 0.07% | |
| 13 | SHYiShares 1-3 Year Treasury Bond ETF · Short-Term Treasuries | Whole market | +1.9% | 2.0% | 0.93 | −5.7% | +9.8% | 0.05 | 0.15% |
| 14 | DOCTFT Vest U.S. Equity Deep Buffer ETF - October · Deep Buffer | Whole market | +8.2% | 7.4% | 1.10 | −9.9% | +48.0% | 0.16 | 0.85% |
| 15 | STIPiShares 0-5 Year TIPS Bond ETF · Inflation-Protected Bonds | Whole market | +2.7% | 2.8% | 0.95 | −6.5% | +14.0% | 0.18 | 0.03% |
| 16 | VNLAJanus Henderson Short Duration Income ETF · Ultrashort Bonds | Whole market | +4.1% | 1.1% | 3.80 | −4.5% | +22.0% | 0.17 | 0.25% |
| 17 | FLTRVanEck IG Floating Rate ETF · Floating Rate Bonds | Whole market | +4.8% | 2.1% | 2.21 | −17.8% | +26.5% | 0.01 | 0.14% |
| 18 | Whole market | +0.5% | 4.1% | 0.14 | −17.0% | +2.4% | 0.09 | 0.03% | |
| 19 | FLRNState Street SPDR Bloomberg Investment Grade Floating Rate ETF · Floating Rate Bonds | Whole market | +4.5% | 1.7% | 2.58 | −14.7% | +24.5% | 0.11 | 0.15% |
| 20 | USHYiShares Broad USD High Yield Corporate Bond ETF · High Yield Bonds | Whole market | +3.7% | 7.4% | 0.53 | −22.4% | +19.8% | 0.19 | 0.08% |
| 21 | USTBVictoryShares Short-Term Bond ETF · Short-Term Bonds | Whole market | +3.6% | 2.1% | 1.77 | −5.3% | +19.6% | 0.11 | 0.34% |
| 22 | FLDRFidelity Low Duration Bond Factor ETF · Short-Term Bonds | Whole market | +3.9% | 1.2% | 3.13 | −12.2% | +21.2% | 0.08 | 0.15% |
| 23 | LMBSFirst Trust Low Duration Opportunities ETF · Mortgage-Backed Securities | Whole market | +3.1% | 2.6% | 1.17 | −6.5% | +16.3% | 0.12 | 0.66% |
| 24 | TBUXT. Rowe Price Ultra Short-Term Bond ETF · Ultrashort Bonds | Whole market | +4.2% | 1.1% | 3.88 | −1.8% | +22.6% | 0.09 | 0.17% |
| 25 | Whole market | −0.6% | 6.0% | -0.07 | −19.1% | −2.8% | 0.07 | 0.05% | |
| 26 | SRLNState Street Blackstone Senior Loan ETF · Bank Loans | Whole market | +4.6% | 3.9% | 1.17 | −22.3% | +25.3% | 0.27 | 0.70% |
| 27 | RAVINorthern Trust Ultra-Short Fixed Income ETF · Ultrashort Bonds | Whole market | +3.8% | 1.4% | 2.62 | −3.7% | +20.3% | 0.09 | 0.26% |
| 28 | FTSLFirst Trust Senior Loan Fund · Bank Loans | Whole market | +5.0% | 3.4% | 1.49 | −22.7% | +27.8% | 0.18 | 0.70% |
| 29 | IEIiShares 3-7 Year Treasury Bond ETF · Intermediate-Term Treasuries | Whole market | +0.3% | 4.8% | 0.08 | −14.6% | +1.4% | 0.05 | 0.15% |
| 30 | SCHPSchwab US TIPS ETF · Inflation-Protected Bonds | Whole market | +0.2% | 6.1% | 0.06 | −14.3% | +0.9% | 0.22 | 0.03% |
| 31 | SCHISchwab 5-10 Year Corporate Bond ETF · Investment Grade Bonds | Whole market | +0.9% | 6.7% | 0.17 | −20.7% | +4.8% | 0.09 | 0.03% |
| 32 | FLUDFranklin Ultra Short Bond ETF · Ultrashort Bonds | Whole market | +3.9% | 1.4% | 2.77 | −1.7% | +21.1% | 0.13 | 0.15% |
| 33 | BSCRInvesco BulletShares 2027 Corporate Bond ETF · Defined Maturity Corporate Bonds | Whole market | +1.8% | 4.1% | 0.46 | −17.3% | +9.2% | 0.03 | 0.10% |
| 34 | LDURPIMCO Enhanced Low Duration Active Exchange-Traded Fund · Short-Term Bonds | Whole market | +2.4% | 2.1% | 1.16 | −8.7% | +12.7% | 0.04 | 0.54% |
| 35 | STOTState Street DoubleLine Short Duration Total Return Tactical ETF · Short-Term Bonds | Whole market | +2.9% | 1.7% | 1.69 | −6.1% | +15.6% | 0.08 | 0.45% |
| 36 | UCONFirst Trust Smith Unconstrained Bond ETF · Multisector Bonds | Whole market | +2.3% | 4.0% | 0.60 | −15.3% | +12.3% | 0.15 | 0.86% |
| 37 | SMMUPIMCO Short Term Municipal Bond Active Exchange-Traded Fund · Short-Term Municipal Bonds | Whole market | +2.0% | 1.7% | 1.16 | −5.1% | +10.5% | 0.13 | 0.35% |
| 38 | FLBLFranklin Senior Loan ETF · Bank Loans | Whole market | +5.2% | 3.9% | 1.35 | −19.5% | +29.1% | 0.19 | 0.45% |
| 39 | JPIBJPMorgan International Bond Opportunities ETF · International Bonds | Whole market | +2.6% | 4.2% | 0.63 | −13.1% | +13.6% | 0.08 | 0.50% |
| 40 | PREFPrincipal Spectrum Preferred Securities Active ETF · Preferred Securities | Whole market | +2.5% | 4.9% | 0.52 | −23.0% | +13.0% | 0.12 | 0.55% |
| 41 | FLMIFranklin Dynamic Municipal Bond ETF · Municipal Bonds | Whole market | +1.6% | 4.6% | 0.36 | −14.6% | +8.1% | 0.14 | 0.30% |
| 42 | IBTGiShares iBonds Dec 2026 Term Treasury ETF · Target Maturity Treasuries | Whole market | +1.3% | 3.2% | 0.42 | −13.6% | +6.6% | 0.01 | 0.07% |
| 43 | QAINYLI Hedge Multi-Strategy Tracker ETF · Liquid Alternatives | Whole market | +4.1% | 6.8% | 0.63 | −14.9% | +22.4% | 0.18 | 0.75% |
| 44 | AOKiShares Core 30/70 Conservative Allocation ETF · Balanced Allocation | Whole market | +3.4% | 7.2% | 0.50 | −18.9% | +18.0% | 0.18 | 0.20% |
| 45 | KORPAmerican Century Diversified Corporate Bond ETF · Corporate Bonds | Whole market | +1.5% | 5.5% | 0.29 | −14.9% | +7.5% | 0.09 | 0.29% |
| 46 | NFLTVirtus Newfleet Multi-Sector Bond ETF · Multisector Bonds | Whole market | +2.8% | 4.6% | 0.64 | −15.1% | +15.1% | 0.16 | 0.50% |
| 47 | INMUiShares Intermediate Muni Income Active ETF · Intermediate Municipal Bonds | Whole market | +1.4% | 3.8% | 0.40 | −10.7% | +7.5% | 0.16 | 0.41% |
| 48 | IBMPiShares iBonds Dec 2027 Term Muni Bond ETF · Municipal Bonds | Whole market | +0.8% | 2.6% | 0.34 | −15.3% | +4.2% | 0.01 | 0.10% |
| 49 | AGZiShares Agency Bond ETF · Government Bonds | Whole market | +1.1% | 3.6% | 0.33 | −11.1% | +5.8% | 0.09 | 0.15% |
| 50 | SHYMiShares Short Duration High Yield Muni Active ETF · High Yield Municipal Bonds | Whole market | +0.8% | 7.1% | 0.14 | −22.6% | +3.8% | 0.09 | 0.42% |
| 51 | FLCOFranklin Investment Grade Corporate ETF · US Corporate Bonds | Whole market | −0.3% | 7.2% | 0.00 | −22.7% | −1.3% | 0.09 | 0.35% |
| 52 | BKLNInvesco Senior Loan ETF · Bank Loans | Whole market | +5.3% | 4.5% | 1.19 | −24.1% | +29.7% | 0.21 | 0.67% |
| 53 | SUBiShares Short-Term National Muni Bond ETF · Short-Term Municipal Bonds | Whole market | +1.5% | 1.7% | 0.91 | −9.4% | +7.9% | 0.13 | 0.07% |
| 54 | LQDHiShares Interest Rate Hedged Corporate Bond ETF · Investment Grade Bonds | Whole market | +5.2% | 4.4% | 1.20 | −24.6% | +29.1% | 0.13 | 0.44% |
| 55 | HYDVanEck High Yield Muni ETF · High Yield Municipal Bonds | Whole market | −0.4% | 6.6% | -0.03 | −35.6% | −2.0% | 0.16 | 0.32% |
| 56 | BSJQInvesco BulletShares 2026 High Yield Corporate Bond ETF · High Yield Bonds | Whole market | +3.7% | 5.7% | 0.67 | −24.1% | +19.9% | 0.12 | 0.43% |
| 57 | YLDPrincipal Active High Yield ETF · Active High Yield | Whole market | +4.2% | 6.4% | 0.67 | −28.3% | +22.6% | 0.19 | 0.39% |
| 58 | HYEMVanEck Emerging Markets High Yield Bond ETF · Emerging Market Bonds | Whole market | +3.2% | 7.4% | 0.46 | −31.0% | +16.9% | 0.05 | 0.40% |
| 59 | ISHGiShares 1-3 Year International Treasury Bond ETF · International Bonds | Whole market | −0.7% | 7.6% | -0.05 | −25.6% | −3.3% | 0.08 | 0.35% |
| 60 | DRSKAptus Defined Risk ETF · Balanced Allocation | Whole market | +2.1% | 7.5% | 0.32 | −19.9% | +10.9% | 0.21 | 0.79% |
| 61 | PWZInvesco California AMT-Free Municipal Bond ETF · California Municipal Bonds | Whole market | −0.6% | 6.4% | -0.06 | −17.6% | −3.0% | 0.12 | 0.28% |
| 62 | ANGLVanEck Fallen Angel High Yield Bond ETF · High Yield Bonds | Whole market | +2.0% | 7.7% | 0.30 | −29.3% | +10.6% | 0.18 | 0.25% |
SPCK against its popular alternatives
The investments people most often weigh against SPCK, compared period by period and year by year.
How do SPCK's risk and return compare with its alternatives?
This map plots each investment's annual return over the past 5 years against its volatility, the size of its typical price swings. Investments toward the upper left earned more for a smoother ride, and those toward the lower right earned less for a rougher one. The dashed lines cross at SPCK, which divides the map into what did better or worse on each measure.
- None of the six popular alternatives earned more than SPCK over the past 5 years with smaller price swings, so every higher return on the map came with a bumpier ride.
- Over the past 5 years, SPCK returned -1.9% a year, less than the S&P 500's 12.5%, with lower volatility (8.7% against 17.2%).
Green points earned more than SPCK with less volatility; red points earned less with more. Hover over a point for its figures. Total returns with dividends reinvested, annualized.
All figures
| Investment | Annual return | Volatility |
|---|---|---|
| QQQ Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 | +14.2% | 23.0% |
| SPY S&P 500State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF | +12.5% | 17.2% |
| FPX First Trust US Equity Opportunities ETF | +5.9% | 27.2% |
| IWM iShares Russell 2000 ETF | +5.3% | 22.4% |
| XBI State Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF | +4.2% | 32.5% |
| FPXI First Trust International Equity Opportunities ETF | −0.5% | 23.4% |
| SPCK This pageSPAC and New Issue ETF | −1.9% | 8.7% |
| ARKK ARK Innovation ETF | −6.7% | 46.9% |
Has SPCK consistently beaten its popular alternatives?
This section compares SPCK with the investments people most often weigh against it, checking each one over seven periods from one month to five years. Counting how often an alternative earned more than SPCK helps separate lasting outperformance from a single strong stretch.
- Three of the six popular alternatives, QQQ, XBI and IWM, outperformed SPCK in at least 3 of 5 short-term and 2 of 2 long-term timeframes.
- QQQ and XBI outperformed SPCK in every long-term period and in all but one short-term period, the most consistent record in the group.
A green cell means the alternative earned more than SPCK over that period. "Qualified" marks those that did so in at least 3 of 5 short-term periods and 2 of 2 long-term periods.
| Investment | Periods outperformed | Short term | Long term | Risk · 5 years | Fund | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1M | 3M | 6M | YTD | 1Y | 3Y | 5Y | Volatilitylower is calmer | Sharpehigher is better | Worst declinepast 10 years | Expense | Assets | Overlapsame sectors | ||
| SPCK SPAC and New Issue ETF (this page) | — | −1.9% | −3.0% | −2.0% | −1.0% | −2.3% | +10.3% | −9.1% | 8.7% | -0.18 | −28.3% | 2.31% | $8M | — |
| QQQ QualifiedInvesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 | 4/5 short2/2 longAll-weather | −5.8% | 0.0% | +7.8% | +15.3% | +16.9% | +101% | +94.0% | 23.0% | 0.69 | −35.1% | 0.18% | $492B | 3% |
| XBI QualifiedState Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF | 4/5 short2/2 longAll-weather | −6.3% | −0.3% | +10.5% | +24.9% | +41.9% | +133% | +22.9% | 32.5% | 0.29 | −63.9% | 0.35% | $10B | 1% |
| IWM QualifiediShares Russell 2000 ETF | 3/5 short2/2 long | −3.7% | −5.6% | +0.6% | +12.0% | +14.8% | +73.3% | +29.4% | 22.4% | 0.34 | −41.1% | 0.19% | $75B | 23% |
| FPX Broad MarketFirst Trust US Equity Opportunities ETF | 2/5 short2/2 long | −7.0% | −9.1% | −5.6% | +3.0% | +6.4% | +116% | +33.4% | 27.2% | 0.35 | −43.1% | 0.57% | $1.4B | 11% |
| FPXI InternationalFirst Trust International Equity Opportunities ETF | 2/5 short2/2 long | −11.2% | −13.5% | −11.6% | +4.0% | +6.4% | +71.4% | −2.7% | 23.4% | 0.09 | −55.8% | 0.70% | $212M | 17% |
| ARKK Broad MarketARK Innovation ETF | 3/5 short1/2 long | −10.6% | +7.7% | +3.2% | +4.5% | −4.1% | +127% | −29.3% | 46.9% | 0.09 | −80.9% | 0.75% | $7.9B | 19% |
How did SPCK do year by year?
This table shows each investment's total return in every full calendar year since 2021, along with where SPCK ranked among its popular alternatives each year. Annual results reveal how consistently each one kept pace with SPCK and how far its good and bad years diverged, detail that multiyear averages tend to smooth over.
Note: SPCK began trading on December 16, 2020, so the table starts with 2021, its first full calendar year, and cannot show how it fared during the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs.
- SPCK finished ahead of the S&P 500 in one of its five full calendar years, and behind it in each of the last three.
- Among its popular alternatives, QQQ came out ahead of SPCK most often, in four of the five years both traded.
- Ranked against its popular alternatives each year, SPCK finished in the top quarter in one of five years and in the bottom quarter in two. In 2025, it ranked 7 of 7.
Newest year first. Green marks a year in which the fund came out ahead of SPCK; gray means the two finished within a fraction of a point. The rank row places SPCK among the alternatives that traded the full year; dark green is the top quarter and red the bottom quarter.
| Investment | Years ahead of SPCK | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPCK This pageSPAC and New Issue ETF | — | +7.8% | +2.9% | −4.1% | −12.3% | +9.3% |
| Rank among alternatives | Top quarter in 1 of 5 | 7 of 7 | 6 of 7 | 7 of 7 | 1 of 7 | 3 of 7 |
| SPY S&P 500State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF | 4 of 5 | +17.7% | +24.9% | +26.2% | −18.2% | +28.7% |
| QQQ Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 | 4 of 5 | +20.8% | +25.6% | +54.9% | −32.6% | +27.4% |
| XBI State Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF | 2 of 5 | +35.9% | +1.0% | +7.6% | −25.9% | −20.4% |
| IWM iShares Russell 2000 ETF | 4 of 5 | +12.7% | +11.4% | +16.8% | −20.5% | +14.5% |
| FPX First Trust US Equity Opportunities ETF | 3 of 5 | +37.6% | +24.8% | +22.3% | −35.1% | +3.7% |
| FPXI First Trust International Equity Opportunities ETF | 3 of 5 | +26.4% | +12.6% | +9.6% | −31.8% | −15.7% |
| ARKK ARK Innovation ETF | 3 of 5 | +35.5% | +8.4% | +69.0% | −67.0% | −23.4% |
Risk and diversification
How SPCK has fallen, how it held up in crashes beside the S&P 500 and its popular alternatives, and what moves independently of it.
What were SPCK's worst declines?
A drawdown is the decline from a peak to the lowest point before a new high. This section presents SPCK's two deepest drawdowns since it began trading in 2020, alongside the S&P 500's return over the same dates, and how long each took to recover. Together, these figures show how much an investor could have lost and how long it took to get back to even.
Note: SPCK began trading on December 16, 2020, so this list cannot include the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs. The crash tests on this page show how older funds and the S&P 500 fared through those years.
- Not every decline was the market's doing: SPCK fell 28.3% from February 2021 to February 2023, while the S&P 500 rose 7.8%.
- None of these declines kept SPCK below its old high for long; the longest climb back took one months.
Green means SPCK fell less than the S&P 500 over the same dates. Based on daily closing prices with dividends reinvested.
| During | SPCK fell | S&P 500, same dates | Peak | Low | Time to the low | Back at the peak | Time to recover |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 bear market | −28.3% | +7.8% | Feb 2021 | Feb 2023 | 2 years | Not yet | — |
| No named crash | −6.5% | −2.6% | Jan 2021 | Jan 2021 | Under a month | Feb 2021 | 1 month |
How did SPCK do in stock market crashes?
This section measures how far SPCK, the S&P 500 and each alternative fell from peak to trough during every major market crash since 2000. A smaller decline means an investment held up better, and comparing results across crashes shows whether that resilience was consistent or a one-off.
Note: SPCK began trading on December 16, 2020, so its row reads "Not yet trading" for the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs. The older alternatives and the S&P 500 show how those crashes played out.
- SPCK fell less than the S&P 500 in all two crashes it has traded through. The clearest case was the 2022 bear market, when SPCK fell 6.8% and the S&P 500 fell 24.5%.
- None of its popular alternatives fell less than SPCK in most of the crashes they both traded through.
- SPCK began trading after the 2008 financial crisis, but four of its popular alternatives lived through it. The mildest fall among them was XBI's 37.5%, against 55.2% for the S&P 500.
Newest crash first. Each figure is the fund's deepest fall within the crash window; green means a smaller fall than SPCK.
| Investment | Held up better | 2023 regional bank crisisMar 2023 | 2022 bear marketJan 2022 | Covid crashFeb 2020 | Late-2018 sell-offSep 2018 | February 2018 volatility shockFeb 2018 | 2015 China and oil sell-offAug 2015 | 2011 euro debt crisisJul 2011 | 2010 flash crashMay 2010 | 2008 financial crisisOct 2007 | Dot-com bustMar 2000 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPCK This pageSPAC and New Issue ETF | — | −0.1% | −6.8% | Not yet trading | Not yet trading | Not yet trading | Not yet trading | Not yet trading | Not yet trading | Not yet trading | Not yet trading |
| SPY S&P 500State Street SPDR S&P 500 ETF | 0 of 2 | −3.4% | −24.5% | −33.7% | −19.3% | −6.5% | −12.8% | −17.9% | −1.5% | −55.2% | −47.5% |
| QQQ Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 | 0 of 2 | −3.1% | −33.4% | −28.6% | −22.7% | −6.8% | −16.1% | −16.1% | −2.5% | −53.4% | −83.0% |
| XBI State Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF | 0 of 2 | −6.9% | −43.6% | −32.9% | −32.5% | −5.5% | −42.6% | −26.7% | −4.1% | −37.5% | — |
| IWM iShares Russell 2000 ETF | 0 of 2 | −7.1% | −26.8% | −40.8% | −25.7% | −5.5% | −21.5% | −27.2% | −2.9% | −58.4% | — |
| FPX First Trust US Equity Opportunities ETF | 0 of 2 | −5.7% | −33.5% | −37.0% | −22.3% | −4.8% | −22.8% | −20.1% | −1.8% | −56.3% | — |
| FPXI First Trust International Equity Opportunities ETF | 0 of 2 | −3.3% | −38.4% | −27.0% | −15.5% | −6.8% | −25.1% | — | — | — | — |
| ARKK ARK Innovation ETF | 0 of 2 | −7.4% | −61.5% | −42.5% | −26.7% | −4.3% | −29.3% | — | — | — | — |
How closely does SPCK move with the S&P 500?
Upside capture measures how much of the S&P 500's gains an investment kept in the months the market rose, and downside capture how much of its losses it took in the months the market fell. An investment that captures more of the gains than the losses has compounded ahead of the market over time. This section compares SPCK with its popular alternatives on both measures, and on beta (how strongly each has moved with the market), over the past 5 years.
- Over the past 5 years, SPCK captured 3% of the S&P 500's gains in rising months and 17% of its losses in falling months, with a beta of 0.10. Its share of the market's losses was larger than its share of the gains.
- Six of the six popular alternatives had a higher capture ratio (upside capture divided by downside capture) than SPCK's 0.18, led by QQQ, FPX and IWM.
Monthly total returns over the past 5 years, measured against SPY. 100% capture or a beta of 1.00 means moving in line with the S&P 500. Green marks a better figure than SPCK's: more upside, less downside or a higher capture ratio. Sorted by capture ratio.
| Investment | Upside capture | Downside capture | Capture ratio | Beta |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPCK This pageSPAC and New Issue ETF | 3% | 17% | 0.18 | 0.10 |
| QQQ Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 | 114% | 110% | 1.03 | 1.22 |
| FPX First Trust US Equity Opportunities ETF | 100% | 130% | 0.77 | 1.28 |
| IWM iShares Russell 2000 ETF | 97% | 135% | 0.71 | 1.13 |
| XBI State Street SPDR S&P Biotech ETF | 82% | 118% | 0.69 | 0.83 |
| FPXI First Trust International Equity Opportunities ETF | 66% | 107% | 0.62 | 0.97 |
| ARKK ARK Innovation ETF | 131% | 251% | 0.52 | 2.00 |
What diversifies SPCK?
Correlation measures how closely two investments move together, on a scale from 1 (in lockstep) through 0 (unrelated) to -1 (in opposite directions). This section lists large ETFs and stocks whose returns have had a low correlation with SPCK's. Because such investments tend not to fall at the same time, pairing SPCK with them can reduce a portfolio's overall swings.
- Moving a fifth of the money in SPCK into LVHI would have cut the portfolio's volatility by 11% over the past 5 years and raised its annual return (-1.8% for SPCK alone, +1.8% for the mix).
- MPC made money in two of the two calendar years in which SPCK lost money.
- Among large ETFs, LVHI, DXJ and EMLP have moved largely independently of SPCK over the past 5 years, with correlations of 0.22 or lower, and each still earned a positive 5-year return.
Only ETFs with at least $1.0B in assets and stocks worth at least $10B, with a correlation below 0.5 over the past 5 years and a positive return, are included, ranked by Sharpe ratio; funds that hold the same thing are shown once. The year columns are the years in which SPCK lost money. The last two columns show a portfolio that is 80% SPCK and 20% the other investment, rebalanced monthly.
ETFs
| Investment | Correlation | 5Y return | Sharpe | 2023 | 2022 | 80/20 mix volatility | 80/20 mix annual return |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPCK SPAC and New Issue ETF (this page) | 1.00 | −9.1% | -0.18 | −4.1% | −12.3% | 6.3% | −1.8% |
| LVHI InternationalFranklin International Low Volatility High Dividend Index ETF | 0.13 | +119% | 1.48 | +17.4% | +3.8% | 5.6% | +1.8% |
| DXJ InternationalWisdomTree Japan Hedged Equity Fund | 0.22 | +225% | 1.34 | +42.0% | +6.0% | 6.1% | +3.6% |
| EMLP Broad MarketFirst Trust North American Energy Infrastructure Fund | 0.18 | +103% | 1.06 | +8.0% | +10.4% | 6.3% | +1.7% |
| HDV Dividend & IncomeiShares Core High Dividend ETF | 0.16 | +86.8% | 1.03 | +1.7% | +7.0% | 6.2% | +1.1% |
| DBEF InternationalXtrackers MSCI EAFE Hedged Equity ETF | 0.23 | +83.6% | 0.95 | +20.1% | −5.1% | 5.9% | +1.3% |
| SMH TechnologyVanEck Semiconductor ETF | 0.18 | +304% | 0.94 | +73.4% | −33.5% | 9.3% | +6.1% |
| XLE EnergyState Street Energy Select Sector SPDR ETF | 0.07 | +178% | 0.94 | −0.6% | +64.4% | 7.5% | +3.3% |
| GLD CommoditiesSPDR Gold Shares | 0.17 | +120% | 0.93 | +12.7% | −0.8% | 6.6% | +2.2% |
Stocks
| Investment | Correlation | 5Y return | Sharpe | 2023 | 2022 | 80/20 mix volatility | 80/20 mix annual return |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPCK SPAC and New Issue ETF (this page) | 1.00 | −9.1% | -0.18 | −4.1% | −12.3% | 6.3% | −1.8% |
| CAH Medical - DistributionCardinal Health, Inc. | 0.26 | +471% | 1.54 | +34.1% | +54.1% | 8.2% | +5.7% |
| CLS Hardware, Equipment & PartsCelestica Inc. | 0.12 | +2,780% | 1.43 | +160% | +1.3% | 13.3% | +17.5% |
| MCK Medical - DistributionMcKesson Corporation | 0.12 | +397% | 1.41 | +24.1% | +51.8% | 7.5% | +5.2% |
| FIX Engineering & ConstructionComfort Systems USA, Inc. | 0.17 | +1,452% | 1.41 | +79.6% | +17.0% | 11.0% | +13.8% |
| MPC Oil & Gas Refining & MarketingMarathon Petroleum Corporation | 0.09 | +660% | 1.39 | +30.4% | +86.6% | 8.6% | +7.7% |
Common questions
What was SPCK's worst drawdown?
SPCK's deepest decline since it began trading in 2020 was 28.3%, from February 2021 to February 2023. It has not yet climbed back to that peak. Because SPCK launched in December 2020, that record does not include the dot-com bust, the 2008 financial crisis or six other sell-offs.
What were SPCK's best and worst years?
Over five full calendar years, SPCK's best year was 2021, when it returned 9.3%. Its worst was 2022, with a return of -12.2%.
Is there a better investment than SPCK?
Among SPCK's popular alternatives, QQQ, IWM and XBI were ahead of SPCK in most short and long periods, though with much bigger swings (23.0%, 22.4% and 32.5% volatility against 8.7%). Looking beyond its popular alternatives, EJUL (emerging markets equity) earned more for the risk it took than SPCK over the past 5 years, and its worst fall in 10 years was 21.6%, against 28.3% for SPCK.
Is SPCK more volatile than the S&P 500?
No. SPCK's volatility over the past 5 years was 8.7%, 51% of the S&P 500's 17.2%. Volatility measures how widely returns swing around their average: in roughly two years out of three, SPCK's return lands within 8.7% of its average, either way. The higher it is, the rougher the ride and the harder it is to hold through a slump.
What is SPCK's Sharpe ratio?
SPCK's Sharpe ratio over the past 5 years was -0.18, against 0.78 for the S&P 500, so SPCK earned less for each unit of risk than an index fund did. The Sharpe ratio is the return earned above cash for each unit of volatility: two investments with the same return are not equal if one got there with far bigger swings.
How correlated is SPCK with the S&P 500?
Over the past 5 years, SPCK's monthly returns had a correlation of 0.25 with the S&P 500. Correlation runs from 1 (moving in lockstep) through 0 (unrelated) to −1 (moving in opposite directions). They are only loosely linked, which makes it a real diversifier next to an index fund. In the table, the correlation column measures each option against SPCK instead: the lower it is, the more that option would diversify a SPCK holding.
What are the best alternatives to SPCK?
Of the six popular alternatives we compared, three outperformed SPCK in at least 3 of 5 short-term and 2 of 2 long-term timeframes, with dividends reinvested: QQQ, XBI and IWM.
Did SPCK outperform the S&P 500?
SPCK finished ahead of the S&P 500 (SPY) in one of five full calendar years. In 2025, it returned +7.8%, against +17.7% for the index.
How did SPCK do in stock market crashes?
SPCK fell less than the S&P 500 (SPY) in two of the two major crashes it has traded through, and further in no. The clearest case was the 2022 bear market, when SPCK fell 6.8% and the S&P 500 fell 24.5%.
What diversifies SPCK?
These had a low correlation with SPCK over the past 5 years and still earned a positive 5-year return: among large ETFs, LVHI (correlation 0.13), DXJ (correlation 0.22) and EMLP (correlation 0.18); among large stocks, CAH (correlation 0.26), CLS (correlation 0.12) and MCK (correlation 0.12). A correlation near zero means the two have moved largely independently.
How we measure
- Short-term periods are 1M, 3M, 6M, YTD, 1Y; long-term periods are 3Y, 5Y. An investment outperformed in a period when its total return, with dividends reinvested, was higher than SPCK's. Returns within 0.5 points or 3% of SPCK's, whichever is larger, count as a tie.
- "Qualified" means outperforming in at least 3 of 5 short-term periods and 2 of 2 long-term periods. "All-weather" means outperforming in every long-term period and all but one short-term period.
- Popular alternatives are the funds and stocks most often compared with this one. We include only those that trade today, are not leveraged or inverse, and hold at least $200 million.
- Volatility is the annualized standard deviation of daily returns over 5 years, a measure of how much the price typically swings in a year. The Sharpe ratio is the return above cash for each unit of that volatility.
- A decline, or drawdown, runs from a peak to the lowest close before the next high. The worst decline ever uses all the price history we have; comparisons between funds use the past 10 years so that younger funds are judged on the same stretch.
- Sector overlap is the share of assets two funds hold in the same sectors. Correlation and the mixed-portfolio figures use monthly returns.
- Upside and downside capture follow Morningstar's definition: the compound monthly return in the months the S&P 500 rose (or fell), divided by the S&P 500's compound return in those months. Beta measures how strongly monthly returns have moved with the S&P 500. All three use the same window for every investment.
- Figures are computed from daily adjusted prices and update after each trading day. Past performance does not predict future results.